Front-wheel drive is the most common form of engine/transmission layout used in modern passenger cars, where the engine drives the front wheels only.In this layout a front mounted engine-clutch-gear box unit drives a beam type rear axle suspended on leaf sprints through a propeller shaft with two universal joints. Most front wheel drive vehicles today feature transverse engine mounting, though many in prior decades were positioned longitudinally instead.
Advantages
Balanced weight distribution between the front and the rear wheels.
Easy front wheel steering.
Behind the rear seats, large luggage space is available.
Accessibility to various components like engine, gearbox and rear axle is better in comparison to other layouts. The control linkages-accelerator, choke, clutch and gearbox are short and simple.
Full benefits of the natural air stream created by vehicle’s movement is taken by the forward radiator resulting in reduced power losses from a large fan.
Small length of the propeller shaft permits the angularity of the universal joints to be small and easily provided by simple types.
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